https://doi.org/10.31288/oftalmolzh201721217

Phenotypic markers of syndrome of unspecified connective tissue dysplasia in children with acquired myopia

T.E. Tsybulskaya, Cand Sc (Med)

N.E. Zavgorodnyaya, Dr Sc (Med), Prof.

E.E. Pashkova, Dr Sc (Med)

Zaporizhzhia State Medical University

Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

E-mail: tamila.72@mail.ru

 

Background: Myopia can be caused by structural and functional alterations in the connective tissue.

Purpose: To evaluate the phenotypic markers of the syndrome of unspecified connective tissue dysplasia (SUCTD) in a cohort of children with acquired myopia.

Materials and Methods: Two hundred and thirty 7-15-year-old children with acquired myopia of low or moderate degree were involved in the study. They were divided into two age groups, junior (7-11 years; 102 individuals) and senior school children (12-15 years; 128 individuals). Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to assess the risk of myopia progression.

Results: The major phenotypic risk factors for developing moderate myopia in children of 7-11 years were prominent venous network of the skin (OR, 7.8; 95% CI, 2.9-20.7; p < 0.05), asthenic habitus (OR, 4.9; 95% CI, 2.1-11.8; p < 0.05), and flat foot (OR, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.7-9.5; p < 0.05), whereas in children of 12-15 years, these factors were moderate or severe connective tissue dysplasia (OR, 7.9; 95% CI, 3.2-19.3; p < 0.05), asthenic habitus (OR, 7.1; 95% CI, 3.2-15.7), cardiac valve prolapse and other minor cardiac anomalies (OR, 6.9; 95% CI, 3.1-15.3; p < 0.05),  hypermobility of the joints (OR, 6.1; 95% CI, 2.7-13.6; p < 0.05), postural anomalies and scoliosis (OR, 5.6; 95% CI, 2.5-12.4; p < 0.05), and hyperelasticity of the skin (OR, 5.3; 95% CI, 2.3-12.5; p < 0.05).

Conclusions: Low myopic children with a moderate or severe connective tissue dysplasia are at risk for developing moderate myopia. The major SUCTD-related risk factors for developing moderate myopia in children of 7-11 years were prominent venous network of the skin, asthenic habitus, and flat foot, whereas in children of 12-15 years, these factors were asthenic habitus, cardiac valve prolapse and other minor cardiac anomalies,  hypermobility of the joints, postural anomalies and scoliosis, and hyperelasticity of the skin.

Key words: children, myopia, connective tissue dysplasia

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